• Positive Reinforcement- the giving of something to increase a behavior. Ex- giving students more time to work on a project, due to diligent working in class.
• Negative Reinforcement- the taking of something to increase a behavior. Ex- Taking away a question on a test because no one in the class had enough time to answer it thoroughly.
• Primary Reinforcers- are innnately satisfying. Ex- eating food when hungry
• Conditioned Reinforcers- are learned; secondary reinforcers. Ex- money or praise
• Immediate Reinforcers- reinforcing something immediately after occuring; the desired behavior is more likely to continue to reoccur.
• Delayed Reinforcers- delaying allows other incidental behaviors to intervene and be reinforced.
• Continuous Reinforcement Schedules- desired Response is reinforced everytime it occurs; learning occurs rapidly.
• Partial (Intermittent) Reinforcement Schedules- responses are sometimes reinforced, sometimes not; produces greater persistance.
• Fixed Ratio Schedules- reinforced behavior after a set number of responses.
• Variable-Ratio Schedules- provide reinforcers after an unpredictable number of responses.
• Fixed Interval Schedules- reinforce the first response after a fixed period of time. Ex- constantly checking to see if the water in the pot has boiled.
• Variable-Interval Schedules- reinforce the first response after varying intervals. Ex- the "You've Got Mail" sound when your email is updated.
• Punishment- the opposite to that of reinforcement; punishment decreases a behavior, thus entails a consequence.
• Cognitive Map-a mental representation of one's environment.
• Latent Learning- learning that occurs, but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.
• Intrinsic Motivation vs. Extrinsic Motivation- Intrinsic motivation is a desire to perform a behavior for its own sake and for it to be effective; wheras, an extrinsic motivation is a desire to perform s behavior due to a promised reward ot threat of punishment.

• How does Cognition impact Operant Conditioning?  Cognition consists of all mental ctivities such as thinking and remembering;Operant Conditioning subjects associate behaviors with the consequences.  thus are taught to remember what happened to them before.

-Paige Barbour (Period 8)